An atom that has fewer electrons than protons is called a/an

An atom that has fewer electrons than protons is called a/an A) molecule. B) solid. C) ion. D) plasma. Answer: ...

Which of the following transitions within an atom is not possible?

Which of the following transitions within an atom is not possible?  A) An electron begins in an excited state and then gains enough energy to...

Sublimation is the process in which

Sublimation is the process in which A) molecules go from the solid phase to the liquid phase. B) molecules go from the liquid phase to the gas phase. C)...

An atom which has 4 protons and 6 neutrons will be electrically neutral if it contains

An atom which has 4 protons and 6 neutrons will be electrically neutral if it contains A) 4 electrons. B) 6 electrons. C) 10 electrons. D) at least...

Consider an atom of carbon in which the nucleus contains 6 protons and 7 neutrons. What is its atomic number and atomic mass number?

Consider an atom of carbon in which the nucleus contains 6 protons and 7 neutrons. What is its atomic number and atomic mass number?  A) atomic...

Which of the following best describes the fundamental difference between two different chemical elements (such as oxygen and carbon)?

Which of the following best describes the fundamental difference between two different chemical elements (such as oxygen and carbon)?  A) They...

Suppose you built a scale-model atom in which the nucleus is the size of a tennis ball. About how far would the cloud of electrons extend?

Suppose you built a scale-model atom in which the nucleus is the size of a tennis ball. About how far would the cloud of electrons extend?  A)...

If we say that a material is opaque to ultraviolet light, we mean that it

If we say that a material is opaque to ultraviolet light, we mean that it  A) absorbs ultraviolet light. B) emits ultraviolet light. C) transmits...

Which forms of light are lower in energy and frequency than the light that our eyes can see?

Which forms of light are lower in energy and frequency than the light that our eyes can see?  A) infrared and radio B) ultraviolet and X rays C)...

From shortest to longest wavelength, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?

From shortest to longest wavelength, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?  A) gamma...

When considering light as made up of individual "pieces," each characterized by a particular amount of energy, the pieces are called

When considering light as made up of individual "pieces," each characterized by a particular amount of energy, the pieces are called A) photons. B)...

Suppose you know the frequency of a photon and the speed of light. What else can you determine about the photon?

Suppose you know the frequency of a photon and the speed of light. What else can you determine about the photon?  A) its temperature B) its...

Suppose you watch a leaf bobbing up and down as ripples pass it by in a pond. You notice that it does two full up and down bobs each second. Which statement is true of the ripples on the pond?

Suppose you watch a leaf bobbing up and down as ripples pass it by in a pond. You notice that it does two full up and down bobs each second. Which statement...

Visible light from a distant star can be spread into a spectrum by using a glass prism or

Visible light from a distant star can be spread into a spectrum by using a glass prism or  A) a diffraction grating. B) adaptive optics. C) a...

What is the difference between energy and power?

What is the difference between energy and power?  A) Power is the rate at which energy is used, so its units are a unit of energy divided by...

You observe the same spectral line in two stars that are identical in every way except that one rotates faster than the other. How does the spectral line differ between the two?

You observe the same spectral line in two stars that are identical in every way except that one rotates faster than the other. How does the spectral...

Suppose you see two stars: a blue star and a red star. Which of the following can you conclude about the two stars? Assume that no Doppler shifts are involved. (Hint: Think about the laws of thermal radiation.)

Suppose you see two stars: a blue star and a red star. Which of the following can you conclude about the two stars? Assume that no Doppler shifts are...

If we observe one edge of a planet to be redshifted and the opposite edge to be blue shifted, what can we conclude about the planet?

If we observe one edge of a planet to be redshifted and the opposite edge to be blue shifted, what can we conclude about the planet?  A) The...

If one object has a large redshift and another object has a small redshift, what can we conclude about these two objects?

If one object has a large redshift and another object has a small redshift, what can we conclude about these two objects?  A) The one with the...

You observe a distant galaxy. You find that a spectral line normally found in the visible part of the spectrum is shifted toward the infrared. What do you conclude?

You observe a distant galaxy. You find that a spectral line normally found in the visible part of the spectrum is shifted toward the infrared. What...

How does the spectrum of a molecule differ from the spectrum of an atom?

How does the spectrum of a molecule differ from the spectrum of an atom?  A) A molecule does not have spectral lines due to electrons changing...

From laboratory measurements, we know that a particular spectral line formed by hydrogen appears at a wavelength of 121.6 nanometers (nm). The spectrum of a particular star shows the same hydrogen line appearing at a wavelength of 121.8 nm. What can we conclude?

From laboratory measurements, we know that a particular spectral line formed by hydrogen appears at a wavelength of 121.6 nanometers (nm). The spectrum...

From laboratory measurements, we know that a particular spectral line formed by hydrogen appears at a wavelength of 486.1 nanometers (nm). The spectrum of a particular star shows the same hydrogen line appearing at a wavelength of 485.9 nm. What can we conclude?

From laboratory measurements, we know that a particular spectral line formed by hydrogen appears at a wavelength of 486.1 nanometers (nm). The spectrum...

The spectra of most galaxies show redshifts. This means that their spectral lines

The spectra of most galaxies show redshifts. This means that their spectral lines  A) always are in the red part of the visible spectrum. B)...

We can learn a lot about the properties of a star by studying its spectrum. All of the following statements are true except one. Which one?

We can learn a lot about the properties of a star by studying its spectrum. All of the following statements are true except one. Which one?  A)...

A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit

A gas heated to millions of degrees would emit  A) mostly radio waves. B) mostly X rays. C) mostly ultraviolet light. D) an equal amount of...

If two objects are the same size but one object is 3 times hotter than the other object, the hotter object emits

If two objects are the same size but one object is 3 times hotter than the other object, the hotter object emits  A) 3 times more energy. B)...

Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true?

Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true?  A) A hot object emits photons with a longer wavelength than a cool...

Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true?

Which of the following statements about thermal radiation is always true?  A) A hot object emits more X rays than a cool object. B) A hot object...

A perfectly opaque object that absorbs all radiation and reemits the absorbed energy as thermal radiation is

A perfectly opaque object that absorbs all radiation and reemits the absorbed energy as thermal radiation is  A) a hot, dense cloud of gas. B)...

Thermal radiation is defined as

Thermal radiation is defined as  A) radiation produced by a hot object. B) radiation in the infrared part of the spectrum. C) radiation that...

Which of the following objects is not a close approximation of a thermal emitter?

Which of the following objects is not a close approximation of a thermal emitter?  A) hot, thin gas B) a star C) a filament in a light bulb D)...

Spectra from neutral atoms compared with spectra from ionized atoms of the same element

Spectra from neutral atoms compared with spectra from ionized atoms of the same element  A) are the same. B) are slightly redshifted. C) are...

When white light passes through a cool cloud of gas, we see

When white light passes through a cool cloud of gas, we see  A) visible light. B) infrared light. C) thermal radiation. D) an absorption line...

When an electron in an atom goes from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, the atom

When an electron in an atom goes from a higher energy state to a lower energy state, the atom  A) emits a photon of a specific frequency. B)...

If you heat a gas so that collisions are continually bumping electrons to higher energy levels, when the electrons fall back to lower energy levels the gas produces

If you heat a gas so that collisions are continually bumping electrons to higher energy levels, when the electrons fall back to lower energy levels...

How can an electron in an atom lose energy to go from a higher energy level to a lower energy level?

How can an electron in an atom lose energy to go from a higher energy level to a lower energy level? A) It loses kinetic energy. B) It releases a...

The study of energy levels in atoms is called

The study of energy levels in atoms is called  A) special relativity. B) general relativity. C) quantum mechanics. D) classical mechanics. E)...

An electron-volt is

An electron-volt is  A) the charge of one electron. B) the energy of one electron. C) the energy jump between the first and second energy levels...

The loss of an electron from a neutral helium atom results in

The loss of an electron from a neutral helium atom results in  A) neutral hydrogen. B) ionized hydrogen. C) ionized helium. D) neutral deuterium. E)...

When an atom absorbs a photon containing energy, any of the following can happen except which?

When an atom absorbs a photon containing energy, any of the following can happen except which?  A) The atom becomes excited. B) The atom is...

An atom in an excited state contains more of what type of energy than the same atom in the ground state?

An atom in an excited state contains more of what type of energy than the same atom in the ground state?  A) mass-energy B) kinetic energy C)...

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes

When an atom loses an electron, it becomes  A) sublimated. B) dissociated. C) ionized. D) an isotope. E) a plasma. Answer: ...

Dissociation is the process in which

Dissociation is the process in which  A) the bonds between atoms in a molecule are broken. B) a molecule goes from the solid phase to the gas...

Sublimation is the process in which

Sublimation is the process in which  A) molecules go from the solid phase to the liquid phase. B) molecules go from the liquid phase to the...

At extremely high temperatures (e.g., millions of degrees), which of the following best describes the phase of matter?

At extremely high temperatures (e.g., millions of degrees), which of the following best describes the phase of matter?  A) a gas of rapidly...

Oxygen has atomic number 8. How many times must an oxygen atom be ionized to create an O+5 ion, and how many electrons will the ion have?

Oxygen has atomic number 8. How many times must an oxygen atom be ionized to create an O+5 ion, and how many electrons will the ion have?  A)...

An atom of the element iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atomic weight of 56. If it is neutral, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does it have?

An atom of the element iron has an atomic number of 26 and an atomic weight of 56. If it is neutral, how many protons, neutrons, and electrons does...

Each of the following describes an "Atom 1" and an "Atom 2." In which case are the two atoms isotopes of each other?

Each of the following describes an "Atom 1" and an "Atom 2." In which case are the two atoms isotopes of each other?  A) Atom 1: nucleus with...

Consider an atom of gold in which the nucleus contains 79 protons and 118 neutrons. If it is doubly ionized, what is the charge of the gold ion and how many electrons remain in the ion?

Consider an atom of gold in which the nucleus contains 79 protons and 118 neutrons. If it is doubly ionized, what is the charge of the gold ion and...

Consider an atom of gold in which the nucleus contains 79 protons and 118 neutrons. What is its atomic number and atomic weight?

Consider an atom of gold in which the nucleus contains 79 protons and 118 neutrons. What is its atomic number and atomic weight?  A) The atomic...

Suppose you built a scale-model atom in which the nucleus was the size of a tennis ball. About how far would the cloud of electrons extend?

Suppose you built a scale-model atom in which the nucleus was the size of a tennis ball. About how far would the cloud of electrons extend?  A)...

Which of the following statements about electrons is not true?

Which of the following statements about electrons is not true?  A) Electrons orbit the nucleus rather like planets orbiting the Sun. B) Within...

Which of the following statements about electrical charge is true?

Which of the following statements about electrical charge is true?  A) Two negative charges will attract each other. B) Two positive charges...

How much electrical charge does an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 5 electrons have?

How much electrical charge does an atom with 6 protons, 6 neutrons, and 5 electrons have?  A) a total charge of +17 B) a negative charge of...

Compared to the volume of its nucleus, the volume of an atom is about

Compared to the volume of its nucleus, the volume of an atom is about  A) the same. B) a thousand times greater. C) a million times greater. D)...

What is a compound?

What is a compound?  A) a group of molecules B) a molecule containing hydrogen C) a molecule containing two or more elements D) an ionized molecule E)...

How many atoms fit across the period at the end of this sentence?

How many atoms fit across the period at the end of this sentence?  A) hundreds B) thousands C) millions D) billions E) more than you could count...

Without telescopes or other aid, we can look up and see the Moon in the night sky because it

Without telescopes or other aid, we can look up and see the Moon in the night sky because it  A) emits visible light. B) emits thermal radiation. C)...

We can see each other in the classroom right now because we

We can see each other in the classroom right now because we  A) emit thermal radiation. B) emit visible light. C) emit infrared light. D) reflect...

Which of the following statements about X rays and radio waves is not true?

Which of the following statements about X rays and radio waves is not true?  A) Neither X rays nor radio waves can penetrate the earth's atmosphere. B)...

Which of the following statements about X rays and radio waves is not true?

Which of the following statements about X rays and radio waves is not true?  A) X rays have shorter wavelengths than radio waves. B) X rays...

From shortest to longest wavelength, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?

From shortest to longest wavelength, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?  A) infrared,...

From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?

From lowest energy to highest energy, which of the following correctly orders the different categories of electromagnetic radiation?  A) infrared,...

The wavelength of a wave is

The wavelength of a wave is  A) how strong the wave is. B) the distance between a peak of the wave and the next trough. C) the distance between...

How are wavelength, frequency, and energy related for photons of light?

How are wavelength, frequency, and energy related for photons of light?  A) Longer wavelength means lower frequency and lower energy. B) Longer...

The frequency of a wave is

The frequency of a wave is  A) the number of peaks passing by any point each second. B) measured in cycles per second. C) measured in hertz...

Which of the following cannot be described by a field?

Which of the following cannot be described by a field?  A) gravitational forces B) electrical forces C) magnetic forces D) radiation pressu...

Everything looks red through a red filter because

Everything looks red through a red filter because A) the filter emits red light and absorbs other colors. B) the filter absorbs red light and emits...

Grass (that is healthy) looks green because

Grass (that is healthy) looks green because  A) it emits green light and absorbs other colors. B) it absorbs green light and emits other colors. C)...

If a material is transparent, then it

If a material is transparent, then it  A) reflects light well. B) absorbs light well. C) transmits light well. D) scatters light well. E) emits...

When light reflects off an object, what is the relation between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?

When light reflects off an object, what is the relation between the angle of incidence and the angle of reflection?  A) angle of incidence =...

If a material is highly opaque, then it

If a material is highly opaque, then it  A) reflects most light. B) absorbs most light. C) transmits most light. D) scatters most light. E)...

If you have a 100-watt light bulb, how much energy does it use each minute?

If you have a 100-watt light bulb, how much energy does it use each minute?  A) 6,000 joules B) 6,000 watts C) 600 joules D) 600 watts E) 100...